[Grammar] -(으)ㄴ/는 것 a noun clause

-(으)ㄴ/는 + 것 is attached to an adjective/a verb, make it a noun clause, it can be translated as ‘verb-ing’ or ‘the thing/event that’ in English.

Present
adjective + (으)ㄴ 것
verb + 는 것

요리하는 것이(것이=게=거) 어려워요.  Cooking is difficult.
고양이를 키우는 것이 힘들지 않아요.  Having a cat is not that hard.
아이들하고 노는 것이 재미있어요. Playing with kids is fun. (놀다 + 는 것 : ㄹ drop)
음식 만드는 것은(=것은=건=거) 재미없어요. Making food is not fun. (만들다 +는 것 : ㄹ drop)
아침에 꽃에 물을 주는 것이 좋아요. Watering flowers in the morning is good.
약을 먹는 것이 싫어요. I don’t like taking medicine.
기타 치는 것을(것을=걸=거) 좋아해요. I like playing guitar.
공원에 가는 것을 안 좋아해요. I do not like going to the park.
아이들이 수영하는 것을 보고 있어요. I am watching kids swimming.
동생이 숙제하는 것을 도와 줄 거예요.  I will help my sister to do homework.
친구가 웃는 것을 보고 싶어요. I want to see my friend smiling.
매운 거 안 좋아해요. I don’t like spicy stuff.
맛있는 거 줄까요? Would you like to have something that is delicious?
오늘은 바쁜데 내일 만나는 거 어때요? How about meeting tomorrow, I am pretty busy today.
혹시 안 먹는 거 있어요? By any chance, do you have something that you don’t like to eat?
저는 노래 듣는 거 좋아해요. I like listening to music.

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Past tense
verb + (으)ㄴ 것

어제 동생한테 준 것이 뭐예요? What is the thing that you gave your younger sibling yesterday?
친구한테 말한 것이 후회돼요. I regret the thing that I told my friend.
지난 주에 공부한 것을 잊어버렸어요. I forgot the thing that I studied last week.
아까 종이에 쓴 것이 이름이에요? The thing that you wrote on the paper a moment ago, is it a name?

Future tense
verb+(으)ㄹ 것

내일 공부할 것이 뭐예요? What is the thing that we will study tomorrow?
집에 먹을 것이 하나도 없네요. There is nothing to eat.

것이 can be shortened as 게, and 것을 can be shortened as 걸, and 것은 can be shorten as 건. Furthermore, 이 and 을 are often dropped in real conversations, so you will hear just 거.

You can listen to the audio file by clicking here. 

You can study more about the difference between 는 거, -기, -(으)ㅁ by clicking here. 

If you want to learn more about modifiers, please click here.

#은것 #는것 #을것 #ㄴ것 #(으)ㄴ것 #은거 #는거 #을거 #ㄴ거 #(으)ㄴ거 #거 #게 #은게 #는게 #는걸 #은걸 #는 거 meaning #걸 meaning #건 meaning #Koreanㄴ #modifier #modifying #는 grammar #은 grammar #ㄴ grammar

[Grammar] -는/(으)ㄴ modifiers

When a verb or an adjective modifies a noun, you have to use a modifier in between a verb/adjective and a noun.

Verb/adjective + modifier + noun

verb/adjective/있다/없다	modifier	noun
verb/있다/없다(present)	는	noun
adjective(present)	(으)ㄴ	noun
verb(past)	(으)ㄴ	noun
adjective(past)	던	noun
verb/adjective(future)	(으)ㄹ	noun

For PRESENT TENSE modifiers

Verb/있다/없다 >>

먹(다)+는	자주 먹는 음식	food that I eat often
오(다)+는	비가 오는 날	a day that it rains
재미있(다)+는	재미있는 영화	funny movie
울(다)+는 (ㄹ drop)	우는 아이	kid who is crying

Adjectives>>

adjective(ends with a consonant) + 은
adjective(ends with a vowel) + ㄴ 

좋(다) + (으)ㄴ	좋은 사람	good person
피곤하(다) + (으)ㄴ	피곤한 얼굴	tired face
맵(다)+(으)ㄴ (ㅂ irregular)	매운 음식	spicy food
길(다)+(으)ㄴ (ㄹ drop)	긴 머리	long hair

For Verb PAST TENSE form is the same as adjective form (으)ㄴ. Adjective past tense is -던, I will post this later.

어제 먹(다)+ 은	어제 먹은 불고기	Bulgogi that I ate yesterday
지난 주에 가(다) + ㄴ	지난 주에 간 식당	The restaurant that I went last week
10년 동안 살(다) + ㄴ (ㄹ irregular)	10년 동안 산 집	The house that I have lived for 10 years
갑자기 붓(다) + 은 (ㅅ irregular)	갑자기 부은 손	The hand that suddenly is swollen

For FUTURE TENSE form is -(으)ㄹ.

다음 달에 만나(다)+ㄹ	다음 달에 만날 사람	a person who I am going to meet next week
내일 읽(다) + 을	내일 읽을 책	a book that I am going to read tomorrow
이따가 만들(다) +ㄹ	이따가 만들 음식	The food that I am going make later today

verb+는 거/adjective+(으)ㄴ 거

You probably have seen ‘는 거’ or ‘은 거’ before. 거 is a conversational way to say 것 which means ‘stuff or thing’. So, ‘는 거’ can be translated as ‘the thing that verb/adjective’ or ‘verb-ing’.
For example>
매운 거 안 좋아해요. I don’t like spicy stuff.
맛있는 거 줄까요? Would you like to have something that is delicious?
오늘은 바쁜데 내일 만나는 거 어때요? How about meeting tomorrow, I am pretty busy today.
혹시 안 먹는 거 있어요? By any chance, do you have something that you don’t like to eat?
저는 노래 듣는 거 좋아해요. I like listening to music.

Examples>>

제가 좋아하는 드라마가 끝났어요.  The drama that I like is finished.
이민호를 사랑하는 사람들의 모임입니다.  This is a group for people who love Lee Min Ho.
회사에서 집에 가는 길에 공원이 있어요.  There is a park on the way home from work.
재미있는 영화를 보고 싶어요. I want to watch a movie that is interesting(a interesting movie).
저기 우는 아이가 옆집 아이예요.  The kid who is crying over there is my neighbor’s kid.
저도 좋은 사람을 만나고 싶어요.  I want to meet someone who is nice.
민호 씨가 피곤한 얼굴로 회사에 왔어요.  Minho came to work looking tired.
저는 매운 음식을 잘 먹어요.  I can eat spicy food.
추운 날씨가 되면 군고구마가 먹고 싶어요.  I want to eat grilled sweet potatoes when it gets cold.
어제 간 식당에서 제임스 씨를 봤어요. I saw James at the restaurant that I went yesterday.
작년에 사귄 여자 친구하고 헤어졌어요. I broke up with my girlfriend who I started dating last year.
이거 제가 10년 전에 들은 이야기예요. This is the story that I heard 10 years ago.
이따가 볼 영화 제목이 뭐예요? What is the title of the movie that we are going to watch later today?
내일 발표할 자료는 다 준비했지요? You are all prepared the materials that you are going to present tomorrow, right?