[Grammar] 위,아래, 앞, 뒤 : Location nouns

Location nouns
위/아래/앞/뒤/옆/왼쪽/오른쪽/안/밖

 

We are going to learn location nouns in this post.  You can put these location nouns into ‘-이/가 -에 있어요/없어요 (~ is at/in somewhere) in the previous post(click).  Let’s look at the table below to learn location nouns.

Korean	English	Example
위	top,above	책상 위 on the desk
아래	under, bottom	책상 아래 under the desk
앞	front	책상 앞 in front of the desk
뒤	back, behind	책상 뒤 behind the desk
옆	next to	책상 옆 next to the desk
왼쪽	to the left of ~	책상 왼쪽 to the left of the desk
오른쪽	to the right of~	책상 오른쪽 to the right of desk
안	inside the ~	집 안 inside the house
밖	outside of the~	집 밖 outside of the house
A하고 B 사이	between A and B	책상하고 의자 사이 between the desk and the chair

 

You can make it into a question with the question noun “어디” which means “where” instead of the noun in “Location noun+에“.

e.g)

시계가 책상 위에 있어요.	The clock is on the desk.
시계가 책상 아래에 있어요.	The clock is under the desk.
시계가 책상 앞에 있어요.	The clock is in front of the desk.
시계가 책상 뒤에 있어요.	The clock is behind the desk.
시계가 책상 옆에 있어요.	The clock is next to the desk.
시계가 책상 왼쪽에 있어요.	The clock is to the left of the desk.
시계가 책상 오른쪽에 있어요.	The clock is to the right of the desk.
고양이가 집 안에 있어요.	The cat is inside the house.
고양이가 집 밖에 있어요.	The cat is outside of the house.
고양이가 책상하고 의자 사이에 있어요.	The cat is between the desk and the chair.
선생님이 어디에 있어요?	Where is the teacher?
화장실이 어디에 있어요?	Where is the bathroom?

You can listen to the pronunciation here.

Practice1>> Tranlate it to English.

1) 돈이 가방에 없어요.

2) 컴퓨터가 집에 없어요.

3) 시계가 책상 위에 있어요.

4) 사과가 냉장고 안에 있어요.

5) 학교가 어디에 있어요?

6) 선생님이 어디에 있어요?

 

Practice2>>Translate it to Korean.

1) Where is your house?

2) The book is on the top of the desk.

3) My friend is not in America.

4) Where is the school?

5) The pen is under the book.

6) Is the cell phone in the bag?

 

If you know the answer, please leave a reply under this post. I will post the answer next weekend!

[Grammar] -에 particle

-에 is a particle that has many meanings. (It has 16 different meanings!!) In this post, I am going to explain three main uses.

1. Place (existence) : -에 often with 있어요/없어요 and 살아요, it means something/someone is at/on/in a place.
선생님이 학교에 있어요.  The teacher is at the school.
민수 씨가 도서관에 있어요.  Minsu is at the library.
동생이 집에 있어요.  My younger sister(brother) is at home.
오빠가 집에 없어요.  My older brother is not at home.

2. Place (destination) : -에 often with 가요(go)/와요(come)/다녀요(attend), it indicates a destination.
저는 지금 집에 가요. I am going home.
화장실에 가요. I am going to the restroom.
어디에 가요? Where are you going?
미나 씨가 도서관에 가요. Mina is going to the library.
언제 한국에 와요? When are you coming to Korea?
저는 A대학교에 다녀요. I am attending at A University.

3. Time : -에 also means verb/adjective happens at/in/on the time.
내년에 한국에 가요. I am going to Korea next year.
월요일에 친구 집에 가요. I am going to my friend’s house on Monday.
아침에 학교에 있어요. I am at school in the morning.
9시에 아침 먹어요. I eat the breakfast at 9 o’clock.
As you can see, you can use two 에 in one sentence which are different meanings.

You should add 에 after most time nouns, but some time nouns don’t need 에 such as 오늘, 어제, 내일, 매일/매주/매달/매년, 언제, 지금.
오늘 백화점에 가요.  I am going to a department store today.
매일 공부해요. I study every day.
지금 뭐 해요? What are you doing now?

And if there are more than two time nouns, you can just add 에 for the last time noun. For example,
오늘 오후에 영화를 봐요. I am going to watch a movie this afternoon.
이번 주 월요일에 시간이 없어요. I don’t have time this Monday.
다음 주 금요일 4시에 만나요. Let’s meet at 4 next Friday.
내년 9월 10일 5시에 결혼해요. I am going to get married at 5 o’clock on September 10^th next year.

• Many students get confused by -에(place) and -에서(place), if you want to learn more about this please click here.