왜냐하면 and -기 때문이다

result. 왜냐하면 reason

왜냐하면 is an adverb to emphasize ‘reason’, but it is quite different than 그래서. When you use 그래서, we say ‘reason’ first, and then say ‘result’. So actually, 그래서 means ‘so’ or ‘therefore’. On the other hand, When we use 왜냐하면, we say ‘result’ first, and the say ‘reason’. (If you want to learn 그래서, please click here.)

And 왜냐하면, we have to use-기 때문이다 or -거든요 at the end of the sentence, which mean ‘it is caused’. So, that is why I said above, it is just an adverb to emphasize the sentence because -기 때문이다 actually means ‘because’.

날씨가 추워요. 왜냐하면 오늘 비가 많이 왔기 때문이에요. It is cold because it rained a lot today.
지금 배가 정말 고파요. 왜냐하면 오늘 아침을 안 먹었기 때문이에요. I am so hungry because I didn’t eat breakfast.
돈이 없어서 걱정이에요. 왜냐하면 다음 달에 학비를 내야 되거든요. I am worried because I don’t have money. (The reason why I am worried) I have to pay tuition next month.
오늘 부모님 댁에 가요. 왜냐하면 내일이 어머니 생신이거든요.

verb/adj+기 때문이다
verb/adj+기 때문에

In Korean, there are a lot of sentence endings that express ‘reason’ and ‘result’ and -기 때문 is one of them. When we use -기 때문이다, we want to emphasize the reason’, so it often comes with 왜냐하면 as the explanation above.

And -기 때문에 doesn’t take suggestion and command on the second sentence which is similar to -아/어서. Thus, it is similar to 아/어서, but 때문에 is much more formal and more focused on reason.
저는 외국인이기 때문에 한국말을 모릅니다. (=저는 외국인이라서 한국말을 모릅니다.)
어제 아팠기 때문에 병원에 갔습니다. (어제 아파서 병원에 갔습니다.)
집에 올 때 한 시간이나 걸렸다. 왜냐하면 길이 많이 막혔기 때문이다.
제가 이 회사에 지원하는 이유는 이 회사의 미래가 아주 밝다고 생각하기 때문입니다.

noun이기 때문에
noun 때문에

When it comes with a noun, we have to look at the meaning carefully. In -이기 때문에, there is 이다 in front of 기 때문에, which means ‘be’. So, the meaning of 이기 때문에 is ‘because it is’. On the other hand ‘noun 때문에’ means ‘because of’. For example,

외국인이기 때문에 한국어를 모릅니다. Because I am a foreigner, I don’t speak Korean.
(=외국인이라서 한국어를 모릅니다. Because I am a foreigner, I don’t speak Korean.)
외국인 손님 떄문에 영어를 공부해야 돼요. Because of foreign customers, I have to study English.
(=외국인 손님이 와서 영어를 공부해야 돼요. Because foreign customers come, I have to study English.)

#왜냐하면 #-기 때문이다 #거든 #거든요 #왜냐하면grammar #reason #result #기 때문에 #때문 #때문에 #때문이에요 #because

때문에, 때문이다

result. 왜냐하면 reason

왜냐하면 is an adverb to emphasize ‘reason’, but it is quite different than 그래서. When you use 그래서, we say ‘reason’ first, and then say ‘result’. So actually, 그래서 means ‘so’ or ‘therefore’. On the other hand, When we use 왜냐하면, we say ‘result’ first, and the say ‘reason’. (If you want to learn 그래서, please click here.)

And 왜냐하면, we have to use-기 때문이다 or -거든요 at the end of the sentence, which mean ‘it is caused’. So, that is why I said above, it is just an adverb to emphasize the sentence because -기 때문이다 actually means ‘because’.

날씨가 추워요. 왜냐하면 오늘 비가 많이 왔기 때문이에요. It is cold because it rained a lot today.
지금 배가 정말 고파요. 왜냐하면 오늘 아침을 안 먹었기 때문이에요. I am so hungry because I didn’t eat breakfast.
돈이 없어서 걱정이에요. 왜냐하면 다음 달에 학비를 내야 되거든요. I am worried because I don’t have money. (The reason why I am worried) I have to pay tuition next month.
오늘 부모님 댁에 가요. 왜냐하면 내일이 어머니 생신이거든요.

verb/adj+기 때문이다
verb/adj+기 때문에

In Korean, there are a lot of sentence endings that express ‘reason’ and ‘result’ and -기 때문 is one of them. When we use -기 때문이다, we want to emphasize the reason’, so it often comes with 왜냐하면 as the explanation above.

And -기 때문에 doesn’t take suggestion and command on the second sentence which is similar to -아/어서. Thus, it is similar to 아/어서, but 때문에 is much more formal and more focused on reason.
저는 외국인이기 때문에 한국말을 모릅니다. (=저는 외국인이라서 한국말을 모릅니다.)
어제 아팠기 때문에 병원에 갔습니다. (어제 아파서 병원에 갔습니다.)
집에 올 때 한 시간이나 걸렸다. 왜냐하면 길이 많이 막혔기 때문이다.
제가 이 회사에 지원하는 이유는 이 회사의 미래가 아주 밝다고 생각하기 때문입니다.

noun이기 때문에
noun 때문에

When it comes with a noun, we have to look at the meaning carefully. In -이기 때문에, there is 이다 in front of 기 때문에, which means ‘be’. So, the meaning of 이기 때문에 is ‘because it is’. On the other hand ‘noun 때문에’ means ‘because of’. For example,

외국인이기 때문에 한국어를 모릅니다. Because I am a foreigner, I don’t speak Korean.
(=외국인이라서 한국어를 모릅니다. Because I am a foreigner, I don’t speak Korean.)
외국인 손님 떄문에 영어를 공부해야 돼요. Because of foreign customers, I have to study English.
(=외국인 손님이 와서 영어를 공부해야 돼요. Because foreign customers come, I have to study English.)

#왜냐하면 #-기 때문이다 #거든 #거든요 #왜냐하면grammar #reason #result #기 때문에 #때문 #때문에 #때문이에요 #because

-으니까 Because, reason

verb/adj(으)니까 Because~, therefore/so~
noun(이)니까

-(으)니까 has two different functions. The first one is to connect reason and result sentences, and the other one is to find out something after you did something. In this post, I am talking about the first meaning, which is “because—-, so—–“. The conjugation is 

verb/adjective(consonant) + 으니까
verb/adjective(vowel) + 니까
noun(consonant) + 이니까
noun(vowel) + 니까

날씨가 좋으니까 공원에 같이 가요.
The weather is nice, (so) let’s go to the park.
비가 오니까 우산을 가져 가세요.
It is raining, (so) you should bring an umbrella.

• In formal sentences, we often omit 까 and just say -(으)니. 

If you want to learn the difference between 아서 and 니까, please click here.

Sentences>>

여기 좀 시끄러우니까 다른 데로 가는 게 어때요?	It is loud here, how about going to another place?
민수 씨, 술을 많이 마셨으니까 운전하지 마세요.	Minsu, You drank a lot, don’t drive!
여기는 도서관이니까 조용히 해야 돼요.	Because we are at the library, we should be quite.
제가 아직 집에 있으니까 조금만 기다려 주세요.	I am still at home, please wait for me a little bit more.
저도 아침을 안 먹었으니까 같이 밥 먹으러 가요.	I haven’t had breakfast yet, let’s go eat.
오늘은 제가 좀 피곤하니까 내일 갈까요?	I am a little bit tired today, can we go tomorrow?
이 우유는 상했으니까 먹지 마세요.	This milk has gone bad, don’t drink it!

You can listen to audio pronunciation on my Quizlet.com. (Click here) 

 

 If you want to learn -(으)니까 as ‘realize’ or ‘found out’, please click here.

#으니까 #으니 #니 #으니까 grammar #으니까 meaning #니까 #니까vs아서 #니까vs #아서vs #(으)니까 #니까 suggestion #니까 reason #으니까 reason

[Grammar] -아/어/여서 ‘Because’, reasons

-아/어/여서 Because

We already know 그래서. 그래서 means ‘therefore’ or ‘so’ which expresses reason and result. For example,
오늘 비가 많이 왔어요. 그래서 날씨가 추워요. It rained a lot today, so it is cold.
오늘 아침을 안 먹었어요. 그래서 지금 정말 배가 고파요. I didn’t eat breakfast, so I am so hungry now.
돈이 없어요. 그래서 여행 못 가요. I don’t have money, so I can’t go travel.
시간이 없어요. 그래서 파티에 갈 수 없어요. I don’t have time, so I can’t go to the party.

As you can see, those are two separate sentences. In real conversations, we combine those two sentences in on sentence and we use -아/어/해서 to combine a reason and a result.

-아/어/여서 has two meanings. The first one is “because” and the second one is “and then” which is sequence of two actions. If you learn more about the second meaning, please click here. This post is about ‘reason and result’.

Conjugation 

1. When a verb/adjective stem ends with ‘아/오’ vowel  + 아서

i.e) – 비가 오(다) => 오(ㅗ vowel) +아서

– 잠을 못 자(다) => 자(ㅏ vowel) + 아서

2. When a verb/adjective stem ends with other vowels besides ‘아/오’ + 어서

– 밥을 안 먹(다) => 먹(ㅓ vowel) + 어서

– 술을 마시(다) => 마시(ㅣ vowel) + 어서

– 아직 안 배우(다) => 배우(ㅜ vowel) + 어서

3. When a verb or an adjective stem ends with ‘하’  + 여서 => 하여 => 해

– 공부를 안 하(다) + 여서 => 공부를 안 해서

– 피곤하(다) + 여서 => 피곤해서

비가 와서 날씨가 시원해요.	Because it rains, it is cool.
어제 잠을 못 자서 피곤해요.	Because I didn’t sleep well yesterday, I am tired.
밥을 안 먹어서 배가 고파요.	Because I haven’t had a meal, I am hungry.
어제 술을 많이 마셔서 머리가 아파요.	Because I drank a lot yesterday, I have a headache.
아직 안 배워서 몰라요.	Because I haven’t learned yet, I don’t know.
공부를 안 해서 시험을 못 봤어요.	Because I didn’t study, I didn’t do well on my exam.
어제 피곤해서 잠을 많이 잤어요.	Because I was tired, I slept a lot.

You can listen to the pronunciation on my Quizlet.com (Click here).

As you can see on those sentences, you can’t add the tense in front of -아/어/여서 even though the event happened in the past.  If you want to express the tense, you can add the tense verb ending at the end of the sentence.

One more thing, you can’t use a suggestion sentence or an imperative sentence with -아/어/여서. For example,

Because the weather is nice, let’s go for a walk.  날씨가 좋아서 같이 산책해요.(X)
Because it rains, don’t go outside. 비가 와서 밖에 나가지 마세요.(X)
Because the tickets are sold out, can we see it tomorrow?  오늘 표가 없어서 내일 볼까요?(X)

If you want to use a suggestion or an imperative sentence, you should use -(으)니까.

Because the weather is nice, let’s go for a walk.  날씨가 좋으니까 같이 산책해요. (O)
Because it rains, don’t go outside. 비가 오니까 밖에 나가지 마세요.(O)
Because the tickets are sold out, can we see it tomorrow?   오늘 표가 없으니까 내일 볼까요?(O)

You can click here to learn more about -(으)니까.

#아어서 #아서 #어서 #해서 #reason #result #아서니까 #서grammar #아서grammar #그래서 #그래서 because #아서because