[Reading] 오늘 뭐 해요? What are you doing today?

저는 무역 회사에 다녀요. 월요일부터 금요일까지 회사에서 일해요. 매주 월요일 아침에 회의가 있어요. 그래서 아침 7시에 회사에 가요. 저는 월요일이 정말 싫어요.

보통 6시에 일이 끝나요. 화요일, 목요일 저녁에 2 시간 동안 친구하고 테니스를 쳐요. 테니스장이 회사 근처에 있어요. 수요일하고 금요일에는 학원에서 스페인어를 배워요. 저는 스페인어를 정말 좋아해요.

주말에는 회사에 안 가요. 토요일에는 친구하고 공원에 가요. 공원에서 친구하고 같이 운동해요. 일요일에는 집에서 쉬어요. 집에서 영화를 봐요.

오늘은 수요일이에요. 오늘 뭐 해요?

 

단어와 문법 >

월요일 / 화요일수요일목요일금요일토요일일요일 : Monday/Tuesday/Wednesday/Thursday/Friday/Saturday/Sunday
: I, me
-은/는 : the topic particle (click here to study)
무역 회사 : trading company
-에 다니다 (다녀요) : attend, go somewhere regularly
time 부터 : from,since
-까지 : until, to, by
-에서 : a place particle like at, on, in (click here to study)
일하다 (일해요) : to work (present tense : click here to study present tense)
매주 : every week
아침 : morning, breakfast
-에 : a time particle (click here to study)
회의 : business meeting
-이/가 : a subject particle
있다 (있어요) : to be at, to have
그래서 : therefore, so
7시 : 일곱 시(click here to study how to read time)
가다 (가요) : to go (present tense)
보통 : usually
정말 : really
싫다 (싫어요) : to dislike
: work, event
-이/가 끝나다 (끝나요) : to be finished (present tense)
저녁 : evening, dinner
시간 : hour, time
time 동안 : for time
테니스 : tennis
치다 (쳐요) : to hit, play
테니스장 : tennis court
Noun 근처 : near noun
-하고 : with, and (click here to study)
학원 : private institute(afternoon school)
스페인어 : Spanish
배우다 (배워요) : to learn (present tense)
좋아하다 (좋아해요) : to like (present tense)
주말 : weekend
: not (click here to study)
친구 : friend
공원 : park
같이 : together [가치] 
운동하다 (운동해요) : to work (present tense)
: house, home
쉬다(쉬어요) : to rest ( present tense)
영화 : movie
보다 (봐요) : to watch (present tense)
: what
하다 (해요) : do

You can listen to the audio file by clicking here. 

 

Need a Korean teacher?

[Grammar] 이/가 vs 은/는 : Subject particle vs topic particle

We have learned Korean particles in the previous post(click).  This post is about subject particles and topic particles. The subject particles are  이 and 가, the topic particles are 은 and 는

Noun(ends with a consonant) + 이 

Noun(ends with a vowel) +

For example,

뭐예요?.  What is your name?
며칠이에요? What date is today?
예뻐요. The baby is pretty.

And many people are confused the subject particle with the topic particle -은/는.

-은 and 는 are not subject particle. 

-은/는 can substitute -이/가(subject particle) and -을/를(object particle), which means you CAN’T use the topic particle and the subject/object particle for one noun.  We should use either topic particle or subject/object particle.

Noun(ends with a consonant) +

Noun(ends with a vowel) +

For beginners, we just need to know -은/는 are used for

1. when you introduce a noun

For example,

이민수예요.  I am Lee Minsu.
한국 사람이에요. I am Korean.
28살이에요. I am 28 years old.
우리 한국어 선생님 남자예요. My Korean teacher is a male.

2. when you compare two nouns

For example,

민수 씨는 사과를 좋아해요. 그런데 유진 씨는 사과를 안 좋아해요.
(Minsu likes apples, but Yujin doesn’t like apples)
– 민수 씨 and 유진 씨 are subjects.
* 민수 씨가는(X), 유진 씨가는(X)

민수 씨가 사과는 좋아해요. 그런데 (민수 씨가) 바나나는 안 좋아해요.
(Minsu likes apples, but he doesn’t like bananas.)
– 사과 and 바나나 are objects. 
* 사과를은(X), 바나나를은(X)

3. When you ask about new information, it is safe to use -이/가 and when you answer the question, you should -은/는

For example,

A: 이름이 뭐예요? What is your name?
B: 제 이름은 이민수예요. My name is Lee Minsu.

A: 오늘이 며칠이에요? What date is today?
B: 오늘은 8월 7일이에요. Today is August 7.

A: 이 분이 누구예요? Who is this person?
B: (이 분은) 제 어머니예요.  (This person is) My mother.

You can also listen to the pronunciation here.

#이 subject particle #가subject particle #subject particle #topic particle #topic #은는 #은topic #는topic #은subject #는subject #이/가vs은/는 #은는 topic #이가subject #subject marker #subject topic #Korean topic #은는 subject

[Grammar] 조사 particles

조사 particles

 

There are lots of particles in Korean such as the subject particle, the object particle, the place particle, the time particle and the destination particle etc.  What are particles’ function?  Particles tell us constituents of a sentence, which means particles tell us which one is a subject, an object, place, time or a destination. In English, it is similar to preposition.  For example,

엄마 아들 사랑해요 (mom, son, love)

In this sentence, I can’t tell who love whom.  So we need particles like this,

엄마 아들 사랑해요. (The mom loves her son.)

아들 엄마 사랑해요. (The son loves his mom.)
and are subject particles, – and are object particles.

Or,

학교 회사 있어요. (school, company, is)

I can’t tell whether ‘There is the company in the school’ or ‘There is the school in the company’.

학교 회사 있어요. (The company is at the school.)

학교 회사 있어요. (The school is at the company.)
is the place particle.

 

If you want to learn more particles, please click

한국어 조사1 here
한국어 조사 2 here